Zolemba zazing'ono, typograph ndizovuta kuwerenga, kusiyana pakati pa zilembo zazing'ono kwambiri (kapena zazikulu kwambiri), kusiyanitsa kutsika kwambiri… Zinthu zonsezi ndi zofunika pankhani ya kuwerenga ndi kupezeka kwa zolemba. Koma ndiye typography iti yomwe mungasankhe pakati pa unyinji womwe ulipo kuti utsimikizire kupezeka kwabwino kwa onse?

Tikamalankhula za kupezeka, timaganizira makamaka za kupezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loyenda pang'onopang'ono, omwe ali ndi vuto la kuona ndi / kapena kumva ... ndipo izi zinali makamaka imodzi mwa mbali zoyamba zowonongeka pa chitukuko cha kupezeka kwa nyumba. Koma m'zaka za digito, kupezeka kwakhala vuto lalikulu m'munda ndipo ndi bizinesi ya aliyense popeza aliyense akhoza kukhudzidwa ndi zovuta zopezeka. Tengani mwachitsanzo ma code a Livebox Wi-Fi:

"Ndi likulu o kapena ziro? Likulu i, zilembo zazing'ono L kapena 1?" → Makiyi a Wi-Fi akhala akatswiri pa luso lotipangitsa kutaya mitu yathu ikafika powakopera.

M'nkhaniyi, tonse tikukumana ndi vuto la kuwerenga ndi kupezeka ndipo kukhala mu "chilema" ichi sikutanthauza kukhala ndi chilema chapadera. Vuto lopezeka likhoza kutiyika tonsefe mumkhalidwewu ndipo a Louis-Pierre Grosbois akufotokoza mwachidule izi:

« Munthu wolumala (wosakhoza) amakhala munthu wokhoza (wokhoza) pamalo ofikirika. Munthu wovomerezeka m'malo osafikirika amakhala munthu wolumala. »

Kufikika ndiye nkhani yayikulu ya digito ndipo izi zimaphatikizapo kusankha mafonti. Ndikukutengerani mndandanda wa zolemba ziwiri kuti ndikupatseni malangizo ndi zidule ndikukuthandizani kusankha typograph yoyenera pa yankho lanu la digito.

Ndi typograph iti yomwe mungasankhe?

Mwinanso kuukira pamtima pa nkhaniyi ndikunena nthawi yomweyo, palibe yankho limodzi ku funsoli. Kusiyanasiyana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti sikupangitsa kuti zitheke kuzindikira typography

makamaka kukhutiritsa 100% ya ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Ena amakhala omasuka ndi font yomwe wapatsidwa pomwe ena azikhala ndi zovuta kwambiri.

Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa Nielsen Norman Gulu pa kalembedwe kabwino kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito powerenga pa intaneti. Papepala, font ya Garamond imakwaniritsa liwiro lowerenga mwachangu kwambiri (zotsatira zake kutengera kuchuluka kwa mawu omwe amawerengedwa pamphindi). Komabe pafupifupi 50% yokha ya omwe adachita nawo kafukufuku adachita bwino kwambiri ndi font iyi (kwa wowerenga aliyense, zilembo zoyesedwa zidasankhidwa kuchokera pachangu kwambiri mpaka pang'onopang'ono). Mwanjira ina, ngati mawonekedwe akugwiritsa ntchito typography ya Garamond, 50% yokha ya ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti angakhutitsidwe nayo.

Yankho likhoza kukhala lolola ogwiritsa ntchito kusankha typography yomwe amakonda. Tsoka ilo, yankho ili silingatheke. Ofufuzawo adawonetsa kuti omwe adatenga nawo mbali sanathe kuzindikira chomwe chili chabwino kwa iwo popeza ophunzirawo amawerenga pang'onopang'ono 14% pogwiritsa ntchito font yomwe amakonda. A phunziro lina la Gulu la Nielsen Norman zikuwonetsanso kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri sagwiritsa ntchito makonda akapezeka ndikungosunga mawonekedwe osasinthika.

Koma ndiye, ngati palibe typography yomwe ingakonde ndipo sitilola ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti kuti asinthe mawonekedwe awo, momwe angasankhire font yoyenera? Nawa malangizo omwe muyenera kulabadira posankha.

Malangizo ndi zidule posankha typography yoyenera

Banja la typograph

Mabanja 5 akuluakulu a zilembo: Serif, Sans-Serif, Display, Cursive ndi Monospace

Pali mabanja asanu akuluakulu a typographic :

•  Serif : mafonti okhala ndi ma serif (zowonjezera zomwe zimathetsa malekezero a zilembo). Chitsanzo: Garamond, Times New Roman, Georgia...
•  popanda serif : Mafonti a sans serif, osinthika kwambiri mosiyana ndi banja lakale. Zitsanzo: Arial, Calibri, Helvetica…
•  Sonyezani : Mafonti owoneka bwino, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholinga chokongoletsa.
•  Wotembereredwa : Mafonti akuyerekeza kulemba pamanja. Zitsanzo: Comic Sans MS, Caveat…
•  Monospace : Mafonti okhala ndi m'lifupi mwake mwa chilembo chilichonse (mwachitsanzo, fonti ya i yosakhala ndi malo amodzi adzakhala pamalo owonda kwambiri kuposa m). Mwachitsanzo: Roboto Mono, Source Code Pro...

Dn Kujambula kwa Monospace (pano pamwamba), munthu aliyense amawonetsedwa m'dera lofanana. Mosiyana ndi izi, mu font yosakhala ya Monospace (apa Serif pansi), m'lifupi mwake amasinthidwa kwa munthu aliyense.

Mukapanga yankho lanu, kusankha kwamafonti kumatengera zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuti tipezeke ndime zamalemba, komanso nthawi zambiri pa intaneti, ndikwabwino kusankha font yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi zilembo zodziwika bwino zamtundu wa Sans Serif.

Mitundu ya Serif idzakhala yoyenera makamaka pazosindikiza kapena pazambiri zapaintaneti. Ma typographies ena atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi pamitu, mwachitsanzo, malinga ngati njira zonse zakwaniritsidwa kuti zitheke kuwerenga bwino (kusiyanitsa kokwanira, kukula kokwanira, ndi zina).

Raleway typography imaphatikiza masitayelo 9 osiyanasiyana komanso ochulukirapo pamawonekedwe ake a italiki

Koma samalani, kugwiritsa ntchito mwambi wodziwika bwino wakuti "Zabwino kwambiri ndi mdani wa zabwino", kugwiritsa ntchito masitayelo osiyanasiyana pazolemba zanu kungapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kuwerengera kuposa kukulitsa kupezeka kwake. Mtundu "woonda" wa Raleway, mwachitsanzo, sungakhale wofikirika kwambiri chifukwa ndi (woonda) kuti ukhale wosiyana bwino komanso wowerenga bwino.

Wazinenero zambiri

Kodi yankho lanu ndi lapadziko lonse lapansi? Ganizirani za kukonzekera zinenero zambiri za kalembedwe kanu. Kaya yankho lanu likupezeka m'zilankhulo zingapo kapena wogwiritsa ntchito akugwiritsa ntchito chida chachitatu kuti amasulire zomwe zili patsamba, font iyenera kusintha ndikuwonetsa bwino zomasulira. Chiwopsezo, ngati sizili choncho, ndikuwona zolemba zanu zitasinthidwa ndi zilembo zosawerengeka monga ⍰⍰ ⍰⍰⍰⍰⍰⍰⍰⍰.

Kusamalira mfundoyi kotero kumapangitsa kuti ayang'ane kuti wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti azitha kupeza zomwe zili mu yankho mosasamala kanthu za chinenero chomwe amachiwonetsera. Bonasi: imakupatsaninso mwayi kuti muwone zowonetsera zanu kumtunda kuti mukhale ndi mawonekedwe ogwirizana nthawi zonse.

Kusiyana kwamakhalidwe

Kukonda font yokhala ndi zilembo zosiyanasiyana, makamaka zilembo zazing'ono L, 1, likulu i ndi zilembo zagalasi.

Makhalidwe ofanana angakhale osokoneza. Ngati chilembocho chili pakati pa liwu, wogwiritsa ntchito intaneti amachiphatikiza chonsecho ndipo sichidzatsekedwa makamaka. Koma monga ndidakuwuzani koyambirira kwa nkhaniyi, pankhani ya zilembo za alphanumeric ngati ma code a Wi-Fi, zitha kukhala zovuta.

Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kuyang'ana kusiyana pakati pa zilembo zazing'ono L, zazikulu i ndi nambala 1. Muzochitika "zambiri", monga typography ya Gill Sans, zilembo za 3 ndizofanana ndendende, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asadziwike monga momwe zilili. . Mafonti ena monga Arial amaphatikizapo kusiyanitsa kwa nambala 1, koma zilembo ziwiri zimakhala zofanana. Choyenera ndikusankha font ngati Fira Sans kapena Raleway yomwe imatengera kusiyana pakati pa zilembo zitatu.

Komanso samalani ndi zilembo za galasi za dbp q. M'malemba ena monga Helvetica, Arial kapena Gill Sans, zilembozi ndizofanana ndendende zomwe zitha kupangitsa kuti asinthe. Sankhani font ngati Raleway yomwe imawonjezera kusiyanitsa pang'ono pakati pa munthu aliyense kuti azitha kuzindikira mosavuta.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuwonetsa mafonti

Kupatula kusankha typography, kugwiritsa ntchito komwe mumapanga ndikofunikira. Mutha kusankha font yoyenera kwambiri, ngati mulemba mu 8 ndi yoyera pa imvi yowala, sizingagwire ntchito. Nawa maupangiri okhudzana makamaka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito typography.

Kukula & Malo

Kukula kwa malembawo mwachiwonekere ndi gawo lofunikira la kupezeka kwa malemba. Zolemba zolembedwa zazing'ono kwambiri zimakhala zovuta kuziwerenga. Zosungirako sizimakakamiza kukula kochepa pokhapokha ngati kukula kwachibale kumagwiritsidwa ntchito (em, %…). Komabe, ndikwabwino kukhala ndi zolemba zazikulu mosakhazikika. Timalimbikitsa makamaka zolemba za 14 mpaka 20 px pakompyuta, 13 mpaka 19 px pa piritsi ndi 12 mpaka 16 px pa foni yam'manja. Dziwani kuti pamene zowonetsera zikukulirakulira, kukula kwa zilembo kumachulukirachulukira pamakompyuta. 14 px imakonda kutayika, ndizofala masiku ano kupeza zolemba kuyambira 16 mpaka 20 px.

Kupitilira kukula kwa mawuwo, kusiyana pakati pa zilembo, mizere ndi ndime ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa. Mizere yoyandikana kwambiri, kapena motalikirana kwambiri, imapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuti diso lisunthike kuchokera pamzere umodzi kupita ku wina. Makhalidwe kapena mawu omwe ali pafupi kwambiri angapangitse kusiyana pakati pawo. Ngati iwo ali otalikirana kwambiri, mosiyana, kuzindikira maulalo pakati pa zilembo zomwe zimapanga mawu kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Nazi malingaliro a WCAG pamipata:

Kuti muthe kuwerengera malemba anu, sankhani kutsata kumanzere kuti mukhale olondola zomwe zimasokoneza kuwerenga.

tisiyanitse

Kuti lemba likhale lowerengeka komanso lopezeka, m'pofunika kumvetsera kusiyana pakati pa mtundu wake ndi maziko ake.

Nawa malingaliro a WCAG pamfundoyi :

• kusiyana kochepa (WCAG level AA: zolemba ziyenera kukhala ndi kusiyana kocheperako 4.5 za1. Kupatulapo zolemba zazikulu zomwe chiŵerengerocho chiyenera kukhala osachepera 3 mpaka 1.
• Kusiyanitsa koyenera (mulingo wa AAA): zolemba ziyenera kukhala ndi chiyerekezo chosiyana cha osachepera 7 za1. Kupatulapo zolemba zazikulu zomwe chiŵerengero chake chiyenera kukhala osachepera 4.5 ku 1. Lathyathyathya: samalani mofanana ndi kusiyanitsa kwakukulu komwe kudzakhala kopanda phindu popangitsa kuwerenga kukhala kovuta komanso kulimbikitsa kutopa kwa maso. Papepala, zolembedwa zakuda (#000) zoyera (#fff) zidzakhala ndi chiŵerengero choyenera (21:1). Komabe, kusiyana kwakukulu kumeneku kungayambitse kumverera kwa kuyenda kwa anthu otchulidwa kapena halo zotsatira, makamaka kwa okalamba, anthu omwe ali ndi dyslexia kapena anthu omwe amamva kuwala (Irlen syndrome). Kuti mupewe vutoli, sankhani zolemba zakuda zotuwa pazithunzi zoyera kapena zakuda zotuwa.

Kuwerenga kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusiyana kwa mawu ndi mtundu wake wakumbuyo. Kuti mukhale ndi mwayi wofikira, sankhani chiyerekezo chosiyana cha 7 mpaka 1.

Tsopano muli ndi makiyi oti musankhe mafonti a mayankho anu amtsogolo. Samalani kuti musasankhe zilembo zosiyanasiyana. Izi sizingakhale zopanda phindu ndikudzaza zambiri zanu. Sankhani awiri kapena atatu typographies pazipita.

Komanso dziwani kuti pa chithandizo cha Webusaiti, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zilembo zoyenera pa Webusayiti, makamaka kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa yankho ndikulola kuwonetsa bwino pazothandizira ndi asakatuli onse. Timapeza mwachitsanzo Zipangizo za Google yomwe imapereka mafonti mazana angapo aulere, aulere, omasuka pa intaneti.

Ena ayang'ananso zochitika zina ndikupanga mafonti osinthidwa kuti athe kuthana ndi vuto linalake lowerenga. Koma izi, ndikupatsani nthawi yokumana mwachangu kwambiri kuti muwapeze mu gawo 2 la zolemba izi.