Nkhaniyi ikufotokozanso za msonkhano wa David Renoux, Mtsogoleri wa Neopixl komanso yemwe ali ndi udindo wopereka mafoni a gulu la Smile ndi Arnaud Poffé, Senior UX/UI Designer, katswiri pa intaneti ndi kupezeka kwa mafoni ku Neopixl, panthawi yoyamba ya UX -Conf - Munthu Choyamba. Msonkhanowu umayang'ana kufunikira kwa machitidwe abwino opezeka a UX omwe ayenera kukhala maziko a UX yonse ndi momwe mungapititsire machitidwewa mowonjezereka mwa kupanga zatsopano.

Kufikika ndi imodzi mwazambiri za Responsible Digital: zomwe zimaperekedwa pakuphatikizidwa kwa ntchito za digito. 

IPhone idasinthiratu miyoyo ya anthu mamiliyoni ambiri mu 2007. Zowonadi, kuyambira pomwe idatulutsidwa, idaphatikizanso zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayang'ana kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe, kumva kapena magalimoto.

Ukadaulo wapa digito, mapulogalamu, mawebusayiti ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuti athe kuthana ndi mavuto amthupi.

 Zowonera zina

Kufikika kumawononga mtengo wina wake: 

• Kuchokera pa +10% mpaka +40% pa pulogalamu yam'manja
• + 25% pawebusayiti

Zachiyani ? Chabwino chifukwa kupezeka kumaphatikizapo ntchito yojambula et za chitukuko (pafupifupi 50/50). Chifukwa chake izi zitha kuwoneka m'makampani ambiri ngati chopinga, cholepheretsa. 

Chiwerengero cha anthu chikukalamba ndipo tikuwona kuti 15% ya anthu padziko lapansi ali ndi olumala. Mu 2050, akuti padziko lapansi pakhala okalamba opitilira 2 biliyoni (opitilira zaka 60) poyerekeza ndi 962 miliyoni mu 2017.

Zowonongeka

Chikumbutso chofulumira chowonekera chamagulu akuluakulu a zofooka. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pali mayankho a digito kwa aliyense wa iwo.

Nanga bwanji za miyezo ndi malamulo

Lamulo la ku Ulaya limafuna kuti mabungwe a boma azitsatira mlingo wa AA ndi 2025. Ntchito iliyonse yatsopano m'magulu a anthu iyenera, kuyambira tsopano, kuganizira izi.  

Njira zovomerezeka za AA zimayendetsedwa ndi WCAG ndi boma la dziko. Ku France, RGAA ndiye chizindikiro cha njira zovomerezeka zovomerezeka. 

Chonde dziwani kuti mayiko ali ndi ufulu wowonjezera masiku omalizira. France yabweza chaka cha 2025 mpaka 2027 kuti ikweze ntchito zaboma.

Kuyambira 2025, mabungwe azinsinsi adzayeneranso kusintha. 

Zowonadi, WCAG 3.0 idzagwira ntchito ndi malamulo okhwima kuposa mulingo wapano wa 2.1. Njira zowunikira zidzawunikiridwanso kuchokera ku A, AA, AAA mpaka mkuwa, siliva ndi golidi.

Zida zina kuti mudziwe zambiri:

• European directive
  
• WCCG 2.1
  
• RGAA
  
• Mndandanda wa Ntchito za A11Y

Ndi mayankho anji?

Palibe chophika chozizwitsa. Mlandu uliwonse udzafunika kuunika kwina ndi kuyesa kutsimikizira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mayankho.

Komabe, pali machitidwe abwino omwe amafanana ndi polojekiti iliyonse. Kugwiritsa ntchito izi kudzakufikitsani kufupi ndi chinthu chopezeka ndikukulitsa omvera anu.

1. Kusankha kwa typography zidzakhala zofunika. Kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito typography kumapangitsa kuti kuwerenga kukhale kosavuta. Pamawu ake, tidzakonda mtundu wa kalembedwe, Sans Serif (sans serif font). Sizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a Serif (mafonti okhala ndi serif). Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kuyenera kungokhala mitu ndi zolemba zazifupi.
   
2. Kusiyanitsa chidzakhala chinthu chofunikira. Kutengera muyeso womwe wawunikira, WCAG imapereka malingaliro. Izi zimakhudzana ndi zithunzi zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. 
   1. Pa muyezo wa A, padzakhala kofunikira kuti mukwaniritse chiyerekezo chocheperako cha 3 
   2. Pa muyezo wa AA, muyenera kukwaniritsa chiyerekezo chosiyana cha 4.5
   3. Pa muyezo wa AAA, muyenera kukwaniritsa chiyerekezo chocheperako cha 7.
3. Ulamuliro wa zidziwitso chikhala chinthu chofunikira. Utsogoleri wabwino umawonetsetsa kuti chidziwitso chikuwerengedwa molondola ndi aliyense, makamaka ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowerengera.
4. Pewani kupanga malemba kukhala ovuta kumvetsa. Kupangitsa kuti mfundozo zikhale zosavuta kumva kumapangitsa wogwiritsa ntchito kumvetsetsa uthenga womwe mukuyesera kulengeza. Anthu ena amavutika kumvetsa chinenero chocholoŵana kwambiri (chilema cha luntha, osati m’chinenero chawo). Khalani omveka bwino komanso achidule. 
5. WCAG ndi asakatuli osiyanasiyana pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa ARIA. Ukadaulo uwu umatsimikizira kutumizidwa kwa zidziwitso zolondola ndipo nthawi zina zimakwaniritsa njira zothandizira zomwe zilipo. 
6. Njira zina zimalola kuti zinthu zowoneka bwino zifotokozedwe m'mawu. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto losawona. Komabe, samalani ndi kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake molakwa. Zidzakhala zofunikira pazithunzi zomwe zimatchedwa "zachidziwitso". Zithunzi zamtundu wokongoletsera sizidzasowa njira ina chifukwa sizipereka chidziwitso chilichonse ndipo zimangowoneka "zokongola".
7. Kugwiritsa ntchito semantics yolondola sikofunikira kokha pama projekiti onse komanso makamaka kuonetsetsa kupezeka kwabwino. Machitidwe othandizira adzawerenga code yanu kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi ngati buku. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kubweretsa zinthu chimodzi ndi chimodzi mwadongosolo lowerengera komanso koposa zonse kuti ndizovomerezeka. Kutsimikizika kwa code code kumatsimikizira kutulutsidwa kwa a mtengo wofikika zoyera komanso zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi machitidwe othandizira. 

Yang'anani pa chida chofunikira - Stark

Mfundo ya situational handicap 

Nthawi zambiri timaganiza za kulumala kosatha, kosasinthika ndipo nthawi zambiri timayiwala kulumala kwakanthawi, monga, mwachitsanzo, munthu wothyoka mkono, munthu woyenda ndi ndodo kapena wachitidwa opaleshoni ya maso, ndi zina zotero. 

Poganizira gulu la ogwiritsa ntchito, ndizotheka kuti nthawi ina iliyonse gawo lina la iwo likhoza kukhala ndi chilema kwakanthawi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti musawanyalanyaze.

Ndiye pali lingaliro la kulumala kochitika. Mtundu wachilema chachifupi kwambiri chomwe chimapangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kochita kupanga komwe munthuyo akupezekamo. Mwachitsanzo, munthu atakwera njinga kapena akuyenda mumsewu akugwiritsa ntchito foni yamakono. SMphamvu zake zanzeru zimachepa, manja ake mwina nawonso (ngati munthuyu ali ndi chikwama kapena sutikesi m'manja mwake). Katswiri akhoza kukhalanso mumkhalidwe wovuta, akamagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya CMMS pa foni yamakono, akugona mumdima kuti awerenge zambiri kuchokera pa mita ya gasi. Muzochitika zonsezi, manja, kuyang'anitsitsa kapena ngakhale kukhazikika kumakhala kochepa komanso mfundo zoyambira zopezeka zimatilola kuti tipeze chidziwitso chothandiza.

Pitani patsogolo, yambitsani pa maziko awa

Lingaliro la mutuwu wa ulalikiwu ndikupita patsogolo: kupitilira "kuteteza" zomwe zachitika, ndikungopita sitepe imodzi ndikukankhira yankho kupitilira apo kuti mupeze ntchito yatsopano ... 

Kugwiritsa ntchito popanda manja
Chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito:
Kupanga kulumala komwe kugwiritsa ntchito manja sikutheka, komwe kulowetsa kiyibodi kumakhala kovuta

Mouziridwa mwachindunji ndi VoiceOver, apa njira yothetsera mafoni ndikugwiritsa ntchito a wothandizira mawu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kulamula zochita za chinsalu ndi deta yomwe iyenera kulowetsedwa.

Mwachitsanzo, tagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi m'mafakitale ndikulola akatswiri kapena ogwira ntchito ena kutiuza zomwe akuchita. Chonde dziwani, uku si mawu osavuta omwe amapezeka pa kiyibodi iliyonse ya smartphone, koma ndi AI yotha kumvetsetsa chilankhulo chachilengedwe. AI iyi imaphunzitsidwa ndi ziganizo zofanana kuti zizindikire zochita ndi deta. AI ndiye imabwereza ndikulamula ndi mawu opangira (kukonzanso) zomwe zalowetsedwa ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito amatsimikizira, ndi mawu, kulowa.

Gwiritsani ntchito popanda maso
Chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito:
Mkhalidwe wa chilema chochita kupanga pomwe munthu ayenera kuzindikira zambiri pa chithunzi, kuwonetsa kuwonetsetsa kwakukulu…

Kuyambira njira zothetsera zofooka zowoneka, ngakhale zofooka, tikhoza kulingaliraonjezerani luso lowonera kuchokera kwa wina aliyense, kuphatikizapo yemwe alibe chilema. 

Tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha katswiri yemwe amaika ma fiber optics. Pogwira ntchito mu kabati yaukadaulo, pali mazana a zingwe. Posintha kugwirizana kwa chingwe, ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti asakhote ena, malinga ndi kudula intaneti ya munthu wina. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zingwe, ntchitoyi ndi yosavuta kwambiri, ndipo zolakwika zimachitika pafupipafupi, zomwe zimafuna kubwereranso kumunda pakadutsa masiku angapo. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wa cholakwika chilichonse ndi wofunikira. Kuti mupewe izo pali AI, kachiwiri! Zimatipatsa mwayi wowonjezera luso la wojambula posanthula chithunzi chosavuta cha zingwe ndikuchepetsa kwambiri kuopsa kwake pozindikira zopindika.

Gwiritsani ntchito popanda kusuntha
Chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito:
Mkhalidwe wolumala wopangira komwe kusuntha sikutheka…

Mwachiwonekere muzochitika izi digito ndiyo yankho ndipo tikaganizira mozama timaganizira za zenizeni zenizeni kapena zenizeni zowonjezera zomwe zingatilole kutengera zomwe zikuchitika pamalo omwe sitingathe kupita ...

Inde, tiyeni titenge chitsanzo cha zodzoladzola. Kuyesera zodzoladzola m'sitolo ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri pogula, koma mungatani ngati simungathe kufika kumeneko kapena ngati mulibe sitolo? Chabwino, augmented zenizeni zimapangitsa kuyankha funso ili. Ndiukadaulo wokhwima kwambiri womwe, kwenikweni, lero ndi wofunikira pa pulogalamu iliyonse yodzikongoletsera, ndizosatheka kuthawa chifukwa mapulogalamu onse amatero. 

Pali malo ambiri osinthika pomwe kusanthula kwamakanema ndi zenizeni zenizeni kumapereka mayankho akutali, mwachitsanzo: 

• kuzindikira arrhythmia, matenda a mtima, etc. kudzera pamavidiyo a selfie 
• Zodzoladzola zenizeni (nkhope, misomali, etc.) 
• Matenda a khungu 
• Chowonadi chokwezeka kuti muwonere malonda ndikuchita zoyerekeza

Gwiritsani ntchito popanda kuwerenga
Chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito:
Mkhalidwe wa kulumala komwe tilibe nthawi yowerengera zofotokozera...

Tonsefe timadziwa bwino izi pakuyenda, mwachitsanzo, foni yamakono m'dzanja limodzi, sutikesi ina. Apa, ndikofunikira kupita ku zofunikira ndipo zithunzi ndizothandiza kwambiri: kukhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana patsamba lonse kapena pulogalamu (kufanana), kuyankha ku mfundo zapadziko lonse lapansi (telefoni, zimbudzi, ndi zina zambiri), kutumiza uthenga umodzi panthawi imodzi. ndi kutengera chikhalidwe cha dziko. Chifukwa chake inde, ma pictograms ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri za UX. 

Kutsiliza 

Msonkhano womwe wakonzedwa ngati gawo la UX-Conf 2023 wokhudza kupezeka ukuwonetsa kufunikira kogwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino zonse zopezeka ngati magwero a zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito akumana nazo. 

Kumbali imodzi, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kuyankha zofooka zambiri zosayembekezereka za ogwiritsa ntchito ndipo motero ku gawo lalikulu la zolinga zathu. Kumbali ina, chifukwa ena mwa ogwiritsa ntchito athu atha kupezeka kuti ali ndi vuto lakanthawi kochepa kapena lotchedwa "situational", komanso polemekeza machitidwe abwino, ndizotheka kuwalola kuti azitha kugwiritsa ntchito ntchitozo. 

Ngakhale titawona kuti miyezo ndi udindo walamulo udzalimba m'tsogolomu poika ulemu kwa miyezo yomwe ili kale yovomerezeka mu ntchito za boma, palibe chomwe chingatilepheretse kutsogolera, izi zidzangowonjezera anthu omwe akuwaganizira komanso kutipangitsa kukhala achifundo kwambiri.

>> Koperani nkhani zokambira pa msonkhano 

David Renoux, Managing Director ku neopixl