Makina osakira, monga Google, Bing kapena Qwant, amalola ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti kupeza zambiri pa intaneti mwachangu komanso moyenera. Ntchito yawo imachokera pazigawo ziwiri zazikulu: kufufuza ndi indexing.
Tanthauzo la injini yosaka
Injini yofufuzira ndi makina apakompyuta omwe amakulolani kuti mupeze zothandizira (masamba, zithunzi, makanema, zolemba, ndi zina zotero) pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito njira zinazake, nthawi zambiri monga mawu osakira. Amagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms ovuta kusanthula ndikuwonetsa mabiliyoni azinthu pa intaneti kuti apereke zotsatira zoyenera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.
Directory vs. search engine
Adapangidwa mu 1994, Yahoo! inali imodzi mwazolemba zoyamba pa intaneti (zolemba zimalemba tsamba lililonse pagulu lomwe laperekedwa kwa iwo).
Palibe algorithm yeniyeni kumbuyo kwake, chifukwa masamba ochepa pazaka zimenezo.
Lero, Yahoo! chakhala chosakasaka.
Komanso idapangidwa mu 1994, Lycos inali imodzi mwa injini zofufuzira zoyamba.
Mosiyana ndi maulalo, makina osakira amatenga zokha data kuchokera pamasamba.
Masiku ano, Google ikulamulira msika, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Bing.
Njira yolondolera ndi zotsatira zake
1/ Kukwawa
Crawl, yomwe imatchedwanso "kukwawa," ndi njira yokhayo yomwe injini yofufuzira imapeza ndikusanthula masamba atsopano. Zimagwiritsa ntchito zokwawa, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti "spider" kapena "crawlers", zomwe zimatsata ma hyperlink kuchokera patsamba limodzi kupita ku lina kuti zipeze zatsopano.
Opalasa amazindikira masamba awebusayiti potengera njira zosiyanasiyana, monga mawu osakira zomwe zili, mawonekedwe awebusayiti, ndi maulalo akunja ochokera kumasamba ena odalirika. Kenako amasunga zambiri zamasambawa m'dawunilodi yotchedwa "index".
2 / Indexing
Mlozera ndi njira yosungira ndi kukonza zidziwitso zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa pakukwawa. Mndandanda wa injini zosakira ndi dongosolo lalikulu lomwe lili ndi zambiri zamasamba mabiliyoni ambiri. Imalola makina osakira kuti apeze mwachangu komanso moyenera masamba ofunikira pafunso la ogwiritsa ntchito.
Panthawi yolondolera, okwawa amasanthula zomwe zili patsamba, monga mawu osakira, mitu, mafotokozedwe ndi ma hyperlink. Amachotsanso zambiri zamapangidwe a webusayiti, pomwe tsambalo lidasindikizidwa, ndi zinthu zina zofunika pakufunika.
Zambirizi zimasungidwa muzolozera ngati mafayilo osinthika, omwe amalola injini yosakira kupeza mwachangu masamba omwe ali ndi mawu osakira kapena kufananiza njira zina zosakira.
3/ Kufunsa
Kufunsa ndi njira yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amatumizira funso ku injini yosakira. Funso litha kukhala ndi mawu osakira, mawu kapena mawu a Boolean. Makina osakira kenaka amagwiritsa ntchito index yake kuti adziwe masamba omwe ali ogwirizana kwambiri ndi funsolo.
Posanthula funsolo, makina osakira amaganizira zinthu zingapo, monga mawu osakira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, cholinga cha ogwiritsa ntchito, ndi zomwe akusaka. Imagwiritsanso ntchito ma aligorivimu ovuta kusanja zotsatira potengera kufunika kwake, kufunika kwake, komanso mtundu wake.
4/ Kubwezera
Kupereka ndi njira yomwe injini yosakira imaperekera zotsatira zakusaka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito. Zotsatira zakusaka zimawonetsedwa ngati mndandanda wamasamba, osankhidwa molingana ndi kufunikira kwake. Chotsatira chilichonse chimakhala ndi mutu watsamba, kufotokozera mwachidule, ndi ulalo watsamba.
Makina osakira athanso kupereka zambiri zazotsatira, monga zithunzi, mawu afupipafupi kapena maulalo amasamba ena ogwirizana nawo. Cholinga cha kubwezeretsanso ndikupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chofunikira komanso chothandiza pafunso lawo.
SEO vs udindo
SEO ndi liwu lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika kuyankhula za kuwonekera kwa webusayiti kudzera pamakina osakira.
- SEO ndi njira yolembera masamba.
- Positioning ikufanana ndi malo omwe tsambalo lili mukusaka pa injini yosakira.
Makina osakira pomaliza
Ma injini osakira akhala zida zofunika kwambiri posakatula intaneti ndikupeza zambiri. Kugwira kwawo ntchito kumadalira zovuta zogwirira ntchito komanso ma algorithms apamwamba. Amathandizira kupatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira zoyenera komanso zothandiza.
Mu 2024, injini zosakira zikupitilizabe kusinthika kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zomwe zikukula kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Amaphatikiza zinthu zatsopano, monga kusaka ndi mawu, kusaka zithunzi ndi kusaka kwa mawu, kuti apereke chidziwitso chodziwika bwino komanso chothandiza pakufufuza.
Esteban Irschfeld, SEO Consultant ku UX-Republic
